Barleria crassa C.B. Clarke
subsp. crassa

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Picture: Darrel Plowes
Chiduku TTL, Rusape

Picture: Bart Wursten
Domboshawa

Picture: Bart Wursten
Christon Bank

Picture: Bart Wursten
Along road above lake-filled open mine, Mt Buchwa

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Synonyms:	Barleria nyasensis sensu auct., non C.B.Clarke Barleria venosa Oberm.
Common names:
Frequency:
Status:	Native
Description:	Perennial herb or shrub upto 2.5 m tall but usually much smaller; armed with spinescent bracteoles. Leaves subsessile,somewhat fleshy, oblong-elliptic, obovate or suborbicular, 0.7-4.5 cmlong, usually minutely spine-tipped, with coarse appressed hairs above and on the veins beneath, elsewhere with whitish spreading hairs beneath; margin rolled under, especially when young. Flowers axillary or subterminal in 1-3-flowered clusters. Bracteoles spinose, 5-18 mm long, straight or curved, often persisting as paired axillary spines. Calyx often purplish towards the apex and on the veins; outer lobes broadly ovate to elliptic; margin margin finely toothed or subentire, rarely spine-toothed. Corolla blue, mauve or purple, with a tube 15-24 mm long, funnel-shaped above; upper lobes 6-15 mm long; lateral lobes and lower lobe 9-18 mm long. Capsule 11.5- 17 mm long, hairless.
Type location:	Zimbabwe
Notes:
Derivation of specific name:
Habitat:	In rocky or sandy habitats.
Altitude range:	900 - 1650 m
Flowering time:
Worldwide distribution:	Eastern Angola, Malawi, Zambia and Zimbabwe. Possibly in Southern DRC and Mozambique.
Zambian distribution (Flora Zambesiaca):	B,N,W,C,S
Zambian distribution (Provinces):	Nw,Lp,C,S
Growth form(s):	Shrub under 2 m.
Endemic status:
Red data list status:
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Literature:	Biegel, H.M. (1977). Check-list of ornamental plants used in Rhodesian parks and gardens. Rhodesia Agricultural Journal. Research Report No. 3. Page 26. Darbyshire, I., Vollesen, K. & Kelbessa, E. (2015). Acanthaceae (Part 2) Flora Zambesiaca 8(6) Pages 53 - 55. (Includes a picture). Drummond, R.B. (1975). A list of trees, shrubs and woody climbers indigenous or naturalised in Rhodesia. Kirkia 10(1) Page 274. As Barleria crassa Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 13.

Other sources of information about Barleria crassa subsp. crassa:

Our websites:

Flora of Malawi: Barleria crassa subsp. crassa
Flora of Zimbabwe: Barleria crassa subsp. crassa
Flora of Zimbabwe: cultivated Barleria crassa subsp. crassa

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Barleria crassa
African Plant Database: Barleria crassa
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Barleria crassa
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Barleria crassa
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Barleria crassa
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Barleria crassa
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Barleria crassa
JSTOR Plant Science: Barleria crassa
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Barleria crassa
Plants of the World Online: Barleria crassa
Tropicos: Barleria crassa
Wikipedia: Barleria crassa