Exacum oldenlandioides (S. Moore) Klackenb.

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Picture: Bart Wursten
Trail along Nhamadzi River, lower Chimanimani Mts

Picture: Bart Wursten
Swanepoel Timber Concession, Cheringoma

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Synonyms:	Exacum quinquenervium auct. Sebaea oldenlandioides S. Moore
Common names:
Frequency:
Status:	Native
Description:	Erect annual herb, 10-60 cm high. Stems slender, simple or branched, 4-ridged. Leaves opposite, linear-lanceolate or more or less narrowly elliptic, 1-5 cm long, lower leaves usually smaller3-5-veined from the base, hairless. Flowers in dichotomously branched terminal or axillary inflorescences. Pedicels 4-15 mm long; bracts linear, 2-10 mm long; calyx with lobes 2-4.5 mm long, ovate-elliptic, very broadly winged; corolla 5-lobed, blue or pale violet, rarely white, often drying yellowish. Fruit a small obovoid-globose capsule, 2-4.5 mm in diameter.
Type location:	Lectotype from Zanzibar
Notes:
Derivation of specific name:	oldenlandioides: like an Oldenlandia sp. (Rubiaceae).
Habitat:	Moist ground, on stream and river banks and in sandy margins of pans.
Altitude range:
Flowering time:
Worldwide distribution:	Widespread in Tropical Africa and Limpopo, Mpumalanga, South Africa.
Zambian distribution (Flora Zambesiaca):	B,E,S
Zambian distribution (Provinces):	Lk,S,W
Growth form(s):
Endemic status:
Red data list status:	Lower Risk - near threatened
Insects associated with this species:
Spot characters:	Display spot characters for this species
Literature:	Chapano, C. & Mugarisanwa, N.H. (2003). Plants of the Matobo District National Herbarium and Botanic Garden, Zimbabwe Page 17. Da Silva, M.C., Izidine, S. & Amude, A.B. (2004). A preliminary checklist of the vascular plants of Mozambique. Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 30 Sabonet, Pretoria Page 75. Mapaura, A. & Timberlake, J. (eds) (2004). A checklist of Zimbabwean vascular plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 33 Sabonet, Pretoria and Harare Page 53. Paiva, J. & Nogueira, I. (1990). Gentianaceae Flora Zambesiaca 7(4) Page 8. Phiri, P.S.M. (2005). A Checklist of Zambian Vascular Plants Southern African Botanical Diversity Network Report No. 32 Page 66. Wursten, B., Timberlake, J. & Darbyshire, I. (2017). The Chimanimani Mountains: an updated checklist. Kirkia 19(1) Page 92.

Other sources of information about Exacum oldenlandioides:

Our websites:

Flora of Burundi: Exacum oldenlandioides
Flora of Malawi: Exacum oldenlandioides
Flora of Mozambique: Exacum oldenlandioides
Flora of Zimbabwe: Exacum oldenlandioides

External websites:

African Plants: A Photo Guide (Senckenberg): Exacum oldenlandioides
African Plant Database: Exacum oldenlandioides
BHL (Biodiversity Heritage Library): Exacum oldenlandioides
EOL (Encyclopedia of Life): Exacum oldenlandioides
GBIF (Global Biodiversity Information Facility): Exacum oldenlandioides
Google: Web - Images - Scholar
iNaturalist: Exacum oldenlandioides
IPNI (International Plant Names Index): Exacum oldenlandioides
JSTOR Plant Science: Exacum oldenlandioides
Mansfeld World Database of Agricultural and Horticultural Crops: Exacum oldenlandioides
Plants of the World Online: Exacum oldenlandioides
Tropicos: Exacum oldenlandioides
Wikipedia: Exacum oldenlandioides